Below are some Multiple Questions And Answers meant to help students prepare for their database exams.
LIKELY EXAMINATION QUESTION FOR DATABASE
1.What is a database management system (DBMS)?
A) A collection of related data
B) A storage medium for data
C) A set of programs that enable users to create and maintain a database
D) A computer program that defines the structure of a database
2.What is the miniworld or universe of discourse (UoD) in a database?
A) A collection of related data
B) A random assortment of data
C) Some aspect of the real world
D) A specific purpose for which data is derived
3.What is the intended group of users of a database?
A) The employees of the organization that owns the database
B) The developers who designed the database
C) The customers of the organization that owns the database
D) The users who are interested in the contents of the database
4.What is a database catalog or dictionary?
A) A collection of related data
B) A storage medium for data
C) A set of programs that enable users to create and maintain a database
D) A database definition and descriptive information that is stored in the database
5.What is the process of storing data on a storage medium controlled by the DBMS called?
A) Defining the database
B) Constructing the database
C) Manipulating the database
D) Sharing the database
5.What are some important functions provided by the DBMS?
A) Protecting the database and maintaining it over a long period of time
B) Defining the data types, structures, and constraints of the data to be stored in the database
C) Generating reports from the data
D) Querying the database to retrieve specific data
6.What is a database?
a) A collection of unrelated data
b) A collection of related data
c) A collection of random data
d) A collection of unorganized data
7.Which of the following areas does not use databases?
a) Business
b) Electronic commerce
c) Engineering
d) Music
8.What is the universe of discourse (UoD)?
a) A database management system
b) A collection of related data
c) A random assortment of data
d) The miniworld that a database represents
9.What is the process of defining a database?
a) Storing the data on a storage medium
b) Querying the database to retrieve specific data
c) Specifying the data types, structures, and constraints of the data to be stored
d) Generating reports from the data
10.What is meta-data?
a) A collection of unrelated data
b) A collection of related data
c) Descriptive information about the database definition
d) A random assortment of data
11.What is the purpose of manipulating a database?
a) To protect the database from unauthorized access
b) To store the data on a storage medium
c) To generate reports from the data
d) To query the database to retrieve specific data and update it to reflect changes in the miniworld
12.What is the purpose of a database system?
a) To enable users to create and maintain a database
b) To allow multiple users and programs to access the database simultaneously
c) To protect the database and maintain it over a long period of time
d) All of the above
13.What is a database catalog or dictionary?
a) A collection of unrelated data
b) A collection of related data
c) The database definition and descriptive information stored in the database
d) A random assortment of data
14.What is the life cycle of a typical large database?
a) A few months
b) A few years
c) A decade
d) A century
15.What is the traditional approach of programming with files?
A. Each user defines and implements the files needed for a specific software application
B. A single repository of data is maintained that is defined once and then accessed by various users
C. Each application is free to name data elements independently
D. None of the above
16.What is the main difference between the database approach and the file-processing approach?
A. In the database approach, a single repository of data is maintained that is defined once and then accessed by various users, while in the file-processing approach, each user defines and implements the files needed for a specific software application.
B. In the file-processing approach, a single repository of data is maintained that is defined once and then accessed by various users, while in the database approach, each user defines and implements the files needed for a specific software application.
C. The database approach and the file-processing approach are identical.
D. None of the above
17.What is metadata?
A. The structure of the data files in a traditional file processing system
B. A complete definition or description of the database structure and constraints stored in the DBMS catalog
C. The type and storage format of each data item in a traditional file processing system
D. None of the above
18.What is program-data independence?
A. The property of traditional file processing where the structure of the data files is embedded in the application programs
B. The property of the database approach where DBMS access programs do not require changes when the structure of a file is changed
C. The property of the database approach where each application is free to name data elements independently
D. None of the above
19.What is multiuser transaction processing?
A. The property of the database approach where multiple users access the database at the same time
B. The property of the database approach where multiple views of the data are supported
C. The property of the database approach where there is insulation between programs and data, and data abstraction
D. The property of the database approach where the DBMS ensures that several users trying to update the same data do so in a controlled manner so that the result of the updates is correct.
20.What is a view in the context of a database system?
a) A subset of the database
b) A complete definition or description of the database structure and constraints
c) The type and storage format of each data item in the database
d) Virtual data that is derived from the database files but is not explicitly stored
21.Why is concurrency control important in a multiuser DBMS?
a) To ensure that multiple users can access the same data at the same time
b) To ensure that each user can have their own view of the database
c) To ensure that the database is stored in an efficient manner
d) To ensure that several users trying to update the same data do so in a controlled manner
22.Which data model was developed in the 1960s for databases?
a) Relational model
b) Hierarchical model
c) Network model
d) Entity-relationship model
23.Which paper proposed the relational model for databases?
a) P. Chen’s paper on the Entity-Relationship model
b) E.F. Codd’s paper on the relational model
c) IBM’s System R paper
d) Ingres paper
24.Which language became the “intergalactic standard” for database queries in the mid-1980s?
a) Java
b) Python
c) C++
d) Structured Query Language (SQL)
25.What type of systems emerged in the early 1990s that allowed for remote access to computer systems with legacy data?
a) Object Database Management Systems (ODBMS)
b) Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) systems
c) Web/Internet/DB connectors
d) Online Analytic Processing (OLAP) systems
26.What is a likely trend for the future of databases?
a) Development of more hierarchical and network data models
b) Standardization of SQL successors
c) Decline in the use of mobile databases
d) Handling and analyzing of terabyte systems and large science databases
27.What is the purpose of data abstraction in a database system?
a) To highlight the essential features of data and suppress the details of data organization and storage.
b) To store data in a computer system directly.
c) To provide concepts that may be understood by end-users but that are not too far removed from the way data is organized within the computer.
d) To specify retrievals and updates on the database.
28.Which of the following best describes a data model?
a) A collection of concepts that can be used to describe the structure of a database.
b) A diagram that displays the actual instances of records in a database.
c) A set of basic operations for specifying retrievals and updates on the database.
d) A category of data models that provide concepts that may be understood by end-users but are not too far removed from the way data is organized within the computer.
29.Which of the following is NOT a category of data models?
a) High-level or conceptual data models
b) Low-level or physical data models
c) Representational or implementation data models
d) Implementation or operational data models
30.Which type of data model provides concepts that are close to the way many users perceive data?
a) Low-level or physical data models
b) High-level or conceptual data models
c) Representational or implementation data models
d) Implementation or operational data models
31.What is a database schema?
a) The database itself
b) The description of the database, which is specified during database design and is not expected to change frequently
c) A displayed schema diagram that shows the structure of each record type and the actual instances of records
d) A collection of basic operations for specifying retrievals and updates on the database
32.What is data abstraction in the context of the database approach?
a) The suppression of details of data organization and storage
b) The highlighting of the essential features for an improved understanding of data
c) Both a and b
d) Neither a nor b
33.What is a schema diagram?
a) A diagram that displays the structure of each record type but not the actual instances of records
b) A diagram that displays the actual instances of records but not the structure of each record type
c) A diagram that displays both the structure of each record type and the actual instances of records
d) None of the above
34.What was the reason for using mainframe computers in earlier architectures?
a) To provide processing power to the display terminals
b) To provide user interface programs
c) To provide DBMS functionality
d) All of the above
35.What led to the development of client/server architecture?
a) Availability of network-connected equipment
b) Availability of processing power at the user side
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
36.Which of the following is not an example of specialized servers in client/server architecture?
a) File server
b) Print server
c) Web server
d) Terminal server
37.What was the first component of a relational database management system (RDBMS) to be moved to the client side in a client/server architecture?
a) User interfaces
b) Application programs
c) Query and transaction functionality related to SQL
d) All of the above
38.What is the role of the middle tier in a three-tier architecture for web applications?
a) To store business rules
b) To improve database security
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
39.What was the first step in exploiting the available processing power at the user side in database systems?
a) Using PCs and workstations as display terminals
b) Moving DBMS functionality, application program execution, and user interface processing to one machine
c) Designating specialized servers with specific functionalities
d) Providing user interfaces to utilize specialized servers
40.Which standard provides an application programming interface (API) for client-side programs to call a DBMS in a two-tier client/server architecture for DBMSs?
a) Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)
b) Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
c) Representational State Transfer (REST)
d) Extensible Markup Language (XML)
41.What are the advantages of a two-tier client/server architecture for DBMSs?
a) Improved database security and seamless compatibility with existing systems
b) The ability to connect to several RDBMSs and send query and transaction requests
c) Its simplicity and easy integration with Web applications
d) The ability to store business rules used to access data from the database server
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